A hot tub can develop a fishy smell due to the presence of certain types of bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which thrive in warm, moist environments.
The bacteria can enter the hot tub from various sources, including the water supply, human skin, and even swimsuits. When the bacteria multiply in the warm water, they can produce a chemical compound called geosmin, which gives off a musty, earthy odour that is often described as “fishy”.
Can exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water cause health issues?
While it’s not usually harmful to healthy people, it can cause severe infections in people with weakened immune systems or those with open wounds or skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis.
Exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water can lead to a range of health issues, including:
Skin Infections
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause skin infections, including folliculitis (inflammation of hair follicles) and hot tub rash (red, itchy bumps on the skin).
Ear Infections
Exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water can also cause ear infections, particularly in people who swim regularly.
Lung Infections
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause lung infections, particularly in people with cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Urinary Tract Infections
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can also cause urinary tract infections, particularly in people with catheters or other medical devices.
If you experience any symptoms of infection after exposure to water, seek medical attention immediately.
How to prevent bacteria growth in a hot tub
Preventing bacteria growth in a hot tub requires strict adherence to maintenance, regular cleaning, and careful use. Here are some tips:
Maintain Proper Water Chemistry
The pH level of the water should be between 7.2 and 7.8, and the chlorine or bromine level should be between 3 and 5 parts per million (ppm). Test the water regularly and adjust the chemical levels as needed.
Use a Good Quality Sanitizer
Chlorine or bromine are commonly used sanitisers for hot tubs. Make sure to use a good quality product and follow the instructions on the label for proper dosage.
Keep the Water Clean
Regularly clean the hot tub filters, and remove any debris or dirt from the water. It’s also a good idea to drain and refill the hot tub every few months to remove any buildup of contaminants.
Shower Before Entering
Showering before entering the hot tub can help remove any oils, lotions, or other substances on your skin that can contribute to bacterial growth.
Limit Use
Overcrowding the hot tub can increase the risk of bacterial growth. Limit the number of people using the hot tub at any given time and avoid prolonged soaking sessions.
Maintain Proper Temperature
Keep the water temperature at or below 104°F (40°C), as higher temperatures can encourage bacterial growth.
By following these tips, you can help prevent the growth of bacteria in your hot tub and ensure a safe and enjoyable experience for everyone using it.
